Evripidis Gavathiotis, Ph.D.

Dr. Gavathiotis is a tenured Professor in the Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine, and Oncology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Co-Leader of the Cancer Therapeutics Program at the Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center and a faculty member of the Einstein Institute for Aging Studies, the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute and the Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine.

With over twenty years of experience in chemical and structural biology, medicinal chemistry, and molecular pharmacology, Dr. Gavathiotis has built an internationally recognized research program that bridges basic mechanistic discovery and translational drug development.

Dr. Gavathiotis’ research focuses on deciphering how deregulated cell death and survival pathways drive cancer and age-related diseases, and on developing small-molecule therapeutics that can selectively modulate these processes. His laboratory has revealed fundamental mechanisms of apoptosis regulation, including how the pro-apoptotic protein BAX is activated or inhibited, and how mitochondrial dynamics and chaperone-mediated autophagy are modulated in cancer or under stress. The group has also pioneered computational, biophysical and chemical strategies to identify allosteric and cryptic binding sites in proteins once considered undruggable and platforms to accelerate rational drug design, leading to the discovery of first-in-class chemical probes and therapeutics that redefine how cell death and survival can be modulated in disease. Dr. Gavathiotis is best known for discovering the first small molecules that directly activate BAX, a protein that triggers cell death, providing a new way to overcome cancer resistance for the treatment of blood cancers and solid tumors.

The Gavathiotis Lab’s discoveries have produced multiple first-in-class small molecules demonstrating efficacy in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), melanoma, colorectal cancer, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and pancreatic cancer, as well as in models of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy, pulmonary fibrosis, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, retinitis pigmentosa, and age-related macular degeneration. Several of these candidate therapeutics have been licensed to biotechnology companies and are being advanced toward Investigational New Drug (IND) applications, underscoring the translational and therapeutic impact of the laboratory’s work.

Dr. Gavathiotis leads an interdisciplinary team of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and staff scientists trained in chemical biology, structural biology, drug design, chemical synthesis, high-throughput screening, cancer biology, and in vivo pharmacology. The lab fosters a collaborative environment committed to rigorous basic science, innovation, and translational impact.

Dr. Gavathiotis serves on the editorial boards of several journals and regularly participates in NIH study sections, international scientific review panels, and industry advisory boards. Dr. Gavathiotis has received numerous prestigious awards recognizing both his scientific excellence and achievements, including: NIH Pathway to Independence (K99/R00) Award - Sidney Kimmel Scholar Award - Pershing Square Sohn Prize for Young Investigators in Cancer Research - Sinsheimer Scholar Award - Gabrielle’s Angel Foundation Medical Research Award - Irma T. Hirschl Career Scientist Award - AHA Collaborative Science Award - NYC BioAccelerator Prize -ICBS Young Chemical Biologist Award - Julius Marmur Mentorship Award.

Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death and Cell Survival Signaling

Programmed cell death is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and proper development in multicellular organisms. Its deregulation contributes to a wide range of diseases, particularly cancer. Our laboratory focuses primarily on BCL-2 family proteins and their role in mitochondrial apoptosis, while also exploring the molecular regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission, selective autophagy, RAS/MAPK signaling, and cellular senescence. By integrating chemical biology, structural biology, biochemistry, and cell biology, we aim to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms that that govern life-and-death decisions in cells and to translate these insights into novel therapeutic opportunities.

A list of key contributions of molecular mechanisms and insights from our laboratory include:

• Discovery of the BAX trigger site and its role in the mechanism of BAX activation, translocation, and oligomerization during apoptosis (Nature 2008, Mol Cell 2010, Nat Chem Biol 2012, JBC 2015, Mol Cell 2016, Nat. Commun 2021, Nat. Commun 2023)
• Structure of the autoinhibited BAX dimer and its mechanism of regulating apoptosis (Mol Cell 2016, Nat. Commun 2023)
• Elucidation of BRAF allosteric activation mechanisms by inhibitors and structural basis of RAF inhibitors activity (Cancer Cell 2016)
• Structural mechanisms of Mitofusins activation/inhibition regulating mitochondrial dynamics (Nature 2016)
• Allosteric mechanism of BAX inhibition and discovery of novel allosteric site regulating BAX conformational activationand apoptosis (Nat Chem Biol 2019, Nature Cancer 2020)
• Allosteric mechanism of BRAF dimerization control and discovery of BRAF allosteric site (Nature Communications 2020, eLife 2025).
• Mechanistic insights into BAX inhibition and conformational control (Moll Cell 2016, Nat Commun 2021)
• Mechanisms of small molecule BAX activation in cancer cells and apoptosis regulation by BCL-XL and BCL-2 (Cancer Cell 2017, Nat Commun 2022, Nat Commun 2023)
• Link between mitochondrial fusion inhibition to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, caspase-3/7 activation and DNA damage (Nat Commun 2022)
• Selective Chaperone-mediated Autophagy (CMA) activation via RARα/NCoR1 interaction stabilization (Nat Commun 2022)
• Mechanism of BH3 mimetic resistance in AML through increased mitofusin-2 activity and mitophagy (Cancer Discovery 2023)
• Mechanism of apoptosis resistance via cytosolic BAX dimerization (Nat Commun 2023)
• Mitofusin-mediated regulation of nucleic acid release and SASP (Nat Commun 2024)
• CMA inhibition through disruption of NCoR1/RARα interaction in cancer (EMBO Mol Med 2025)

Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery of Cell Death Mechanisms

We apply structure-based drug design, high-throughput screening, and medicinal chemistry to discover and optimize small molecules and peptide-based probes targeting protein–protein interactions and other challenging targets. Our objective is to generate a "chemical toolbox" of activators and inhibitors of major cell death and cell survival pathways to enable us to manipulate cell signaling and fate decision in physiological and disease conditions. These new research tools can be used to understand biological mechanisms and as prototypes for the development of novel therapeutics. Our protein targets span mitochondrial apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, and oncogenic kinase signaling, many of which are traditionally considered "undruggable".

Select first-in-class small molecules from our laboratory include:

• BAX activators inducing apoptosis in cancer (Nat Chem Biol 2012, Cancer Cell 2017, Nat Commun 2022)
• CMA activators via RARα signaling that protect from oxidative stress and proteotoxicity (Nat Chem Biol 2013)
• Mitofusin activators promoting mitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial function and restore mitochondrial motility in CMT2A neuropathy (Science 2018, Nat Commun 2022)
• Allosteric BAX inhibitors protecting from apoptosis, cardiotoxicity, senescence, and neurodegeneration (Nat Chem Biol 2019, Nat Cancer 2020, Nature 2023, Neuron 2024)
• BRAF dimer-selective inhibitors overcoming drug-resistance in melanoma and colorectal cancer (Nat Commun 2020, eLife 2025)
• Competitive BAX inhibitors protecting from apoptosis and chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity (Nat Commun 2021)
• Mitofusin inhibitors inducing mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial-outer membrane permeabilization and sensitizing BH3 mimetics and SMAC mimetics to apoptosis (Nat Commun 2022, Cancer Discovery 2023) and inhibiting mitochondrial mediated senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) (Nat Commun 2024)
• RARα/NCoR1 stabilizers (molecular glues) activating CMA, protecting from neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s models (Cell 2021), retinal degeneration (Nat Commun 2022), age-related macular degeneration (EMBO Mol. Med 2025), reversing stem cell aging (Nature 2021) and improve T-cell function (PNAS 2024),
• BAX dimer activators that activate cytosolic BAX dimers and induce BAX-mediated apoptosis (Nat Commun 2023)
• CMA inhibitors that suppress tumor growth via NCoR1/RARα disruption (EMBO Mol Med 2025)
• Repurposing of ponatinib and eltrombopag based on new mechanisms (Nat Commun 2020, 2021)
• High residence RAF kinase inhibitors with favorable pharmacological profile for targeted cancer therapy

Platform Technologies: To accelerate drug discovery, the Gavathiotis lab has developed integrative platform technologies that include:

• High throughput in silico screening pipelines for hit discovery and prioritization
• Allosteric/cryptic site discovery using structure- and dynamics-based prediction
• SAR-guided lead optimization using biophysical, structural, and cellular readouts
• Optimization of high residence time and kinetic selectivity for kinase-targeted inhibitors
• Allosteric kinase drug discovery through structure-guided allosteric site targeting, high-throughput medicinal chemistry, and direct-to-biology screening

These platforms support scalable and rational drug discovery efforts across a broad range of targets.

• McCabe M, Bhattacharyya R, Sereda R, Santiago-Fernández O, Khawaja RR, Diaz A, Lindenau K, Ozturk DG, Garner TP, Sidoli S, Cuervo AM, Gavathiotis E. Small molecule disruption of RARα/NCoR1 interaction inhibits chaperone-mediated autophagy in cancer. EMBO Mol Med. 2025 Jul;17(7):1716-1755
• Clayton J, Romany A, Matenoglou E, Gavathiotis E, Poulikakos PI, Shen J. Mechanism of dimer selectivity and binding cooperativity of BRAF inhibitors. Elife. 2025 Feb 13;13:RP95334.
• Asciolla JJ, Wu X, Adamopoulos C, Gavathiotis E, Poulikakos PI. Resistance mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CDK4 and CDK6 kinase targeting in cancer.  Nat Cancer. 2025 Jan;6(1):24-40.
• López-Polo V, Maus M, Zacharioudakis E, Lafarga M, Attolini CS, Marques FDM, Kovatcheva M, Gavathiotis E, Serrano M. Release of mitochondrial dsRNA into the cytosol is a key driver of the inflammatory phenotype of senescent cells.  Nat Communications 2024 Aug 27;15(1):7378.
• Gitego N, Agianian B, Mak OW, Kumar Mv V, Cheng EH, Gavathiotis E. Chemical modulation of cytosolic BAX homodimer potentiates BAX activation and apoptosis. Nature Communications 2023 Dec 16;14(1):8381.
• Kazi A, Ranjan A, Kumar M V V, Agianian B, Garcia Chavez M, Vudatha V, Wang R, Vangipurapu R, Chen L, Kennedy P, Subramanian K, Quirke JCK, Beato F, Underwood P, Fleming JB, Trevino J, Hergenrother PJ, Gavathiotis E, Sebti SM. Discovery of KRB-456, a KRAS G12D switch-I/II allosteric pocket binder that inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer patient-derived tumors. Cancer Research Communications. 2023 Dec 5
• Victorelli S, Salmonowicz H, Chapman J, Martini H, Vizioli MG, Riley JS, Cloix C, Hall-Younger E, Machado Espindola-Netto J, Jurk D, Lagnado AB, Sales Gomez L, Farr JN, Saul D, Reed R, Kelly G, Eppard M, Greaves LC, Dou Z, Pirius N, Szczepanowska K, Porritt RA, Huang H, Huang TY, Mann DA, Masuda CA, Khosla S, Dai H, Kaufmann SH, Zacharioudakis E, Gavathiotis E, LeBrasseur NK, Lei X, Sainz AG, Korolchuk VI, Adams PD, Shadel GS, Tait SWG, Passos JF. Apoptotic stress causes mtDNA release during senescence and drives the SASP. Nature. 2023, 622:627-636
• Glytsou C*, Chen X, Zacharioudakis E, Al-Santli W, Zhou H, Nadorp B, Lee S, Lasry A, Sun Z, Papaioannou P, Cammer M, Wang K, Zal T, Zal MA, Carter ZB, Ishizawa J, Tibes R, Tsirigos A, Andreeff M, Gavathiotis E*, Aifantis I*. Mitophagy promotes resistance to BH3 mimetics in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Discovery 2023, Apr 24;CD-22-0601
• Zacharioudakis E, & Gavathiotis E. Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins as Emerging Drug Targets. Trends Pharmacological Sciences, 2022, Dec 7
• Kaushik S, Juste Y, Lindenau K, Dong S, Macho-Gonzlez A, Santiago-Fernndez O, McCabe M, Singh R, Gavathiotis E, Cuervo AM. Chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates adipocyte differentiation. Science Advances 2022, 8:eabq2733
• Zacharioudakis E, & Gavathiotis E. Targeting Protein Conformations with Small Molecules to Control Proteins Complexes. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2022, Aug. 16
• Gomez-Sintes R, Xin Q, Jiménez-Loygorri JJ, McCabe M, Diaz A, Garner TP, Cotto-Rios X, Wu Y, Dong S, Reynolds CA, Patel B, de la Villa P, Macian F, Boya P*, Gavathiotis E*, Cuervo AM*. Targeting NCOR-RAR interaction activates chaperone mediated autophagy and protects against retinal degeneration. Nature Communications 2022 13, 4220.
• Zacharioudakis E, Agianian B, Vasanth Kumar MV, Biris N, Garner T, Rabinovich-Nikitin I, Ouchida A, Margulets V, Nordstrøm LU, Riley J, Dolgalev I, Chen Y, Wittig A, Pekson R, Mathew C, Wei P, Tsirigos A, Tait S, Kirshenbaum L, Kitsis R. Gavathiotis E. Modulating mitofusins to control mitochondrial function and signaling. Nature Communications 2022 3, 377
• Lopez A, Reyna DE, Gitego N, Zhou H, Kopp F, Miranda-Roman M, Nordstrom LU, Narayanagari SR, Chi P, Vilar E, Tsirigos A, Gavathiotis E. Rational targeting of apoptotic BAX and BCL-XL broadly overcomes tumor resistance. Nature Communications. 2022 13, 1199 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28741-7
• Spitz AZ and Gavathiotis E. Physiological and Pharmacological Modulation of BAX. Trends Pharmacological Sciences. 2021
• Rahmani NE, Ramachandra N, Sahu S, Gitego N, Lopez A, Pradhan K, Bhagat TD, Gordon-Mitchell S, Pena BR, Kazemi M, Rao K, Giricz O, Maqbool SB, Olea R, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Dolatshad H., Tittrea V, Tatwavedi D, Singh S, Lee J, Sun T, Steidl U, Shastri A, Inoue D, Abdel-Wahab O, Pellagatti A, Gavathiotis E^*, Boultwood J^*, Verma A^*. ASXL1 mutations are associated with distinct epigenomic alterations that lead to sensitivity to venetoclax and azacytidine. Blood Cancer J. 2021 11(9):157.
• Bourdenx, M*, Gavathiotis, E*, and Cuervo, AM*. Chaperone-mediated autophagy: a gatekeepe of neuronal proteostasis. Autophagy 2021, 17: 2040-2042.
• Bourdenx M*, Martín-Segura A, Scrivo A, Rodriguez-Navarro JA, Kaushik S, Tasset I, Diaz A, Storm NJ, Xin Q, Juste YR, Stevenson E, Luengo E, Clement CC, Choi SJ, Krogan NJ, Mosharov EV, Santambrogio L, Grueninger F, Collin L, Swaney DL, Sulzer D, Gavathiotis E*, Cuervo AM*. Chaperone-mediated autophagy prevents collapse of the neuronal metastable proteome. Cell. 2021, 84: 2696-2714
• Spitz AZ, Zacharioudakis E, Reyna DE, Garner TP, Gavathiotis E. Eltrombopag directly inhibits BAX and prevents cell death. Nature Communications 2021 12:1134
• Gadsden N, Fulcher C, Li D, Shrivastava N, Thomas C, Segall J, Prystowsky M, Schlecht N, Gavathiotis E, Ow T. Palbociclib renders human papilloma virus negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma vulnerable to the senolytic agent navitoclax. Mol. Cancer Res. 2021, 19: 862-873.
• Dong S, Wang Q, Kao YK, Diaz A , Tasset I, Kaushik S, Thiruthuvanathan V, Zintiridou A, Nieves E, Dzieciatkowska M, Reisz JA, Gavathiotis E, D'Alessandro A, Will B, Cuervo AM. Chaperone-mediated autophagy sustains hematopoietic stem cell function. Nature 2021, 130: 2643-2649
• Cotto-Rios X, Agianian B, Gitego, N, Zacharioudakis E, Giricz O, Wu Y, Yiyu, Z, Verma A, Poulikakos PI, Gavathiotis E. Inhibitors of BRAF dimers using an allosteric site. Nature Communications. (2020) 11:4370
• Amgalan D, Garner TP, Pekson R, Jia XF, Yanamandala M, Paulino V, Liang FG, Corbalan JJ, Lee J, Chen Y, Karagiannis GS, Sanchez LS, Liang H, Narayanagari SR, Mitchell K, Lopez A, Margulets V, Scarlata M, Santulli G, Asnani A, Peterson RT, Hazan RB, Condeelis JS, Oktay MH, Steidl U, Kirshenbaum LA, Gavathiotis E.*, Kitsis RN* A small molecule allosteric inhibitor of BAX protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Nature Cancer 2020, 1: 315-328
• Ow TJ, Thomas C, Fulcher CD, Chen J, Lopez A, Reyna, DE, Prystowsky MB, Smith RV, Schiff BA, Rosenblatt G, Belbin TJ, Harris JM, Childs GC, Kawachi N, Schlecht MF, Gavathiotis E. Apoptosis Signaling Molecules as Treatment Targets in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The Laryngoscope. 2019, 130: 2643-2649
• Chen X, Glytsou C, Zhou H, Narang S, Reyna DE, Lopez A, Sakellaropoulos T, Gong Y, Kloetgen A, Yap YS, Wang E, Gavathiotis E, Tsirigos A, Tibes R, Aifantis I. Targeting Mitochondrial Structure Sensitizes Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Venetoclax Treatment. Cancer Discov. 2019, 9:1-20
• Garner TP, Amgalan D, Reyna DE, Li S, Kitsis RN, Gavathiotis E. Small Molecule Allosteric Inhibitors of BAX. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2019, 15: 1-12
• Ow TJ, Fulcher CD, Thomas C, O’Broin P, Lopez A, Reyna, DE, Smith RV, Sarta C, Prystowsky MB, Schlecht MF, Schiff BA, Rosenblatt G, Belbin TJ, Harris JM, Childs GC, Kawachi N, Guha C, Gavathiotis E. Optimal Targeting of BCL-family Proteins in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Requires Inhibition of Both BCL-xL and MCL-1. Oncotarget. 2019, 10:494-510.
• Gavathiotis E. BCL-2 family proteins. Methods Mol. Biol. 2018, 1877: i-xi.
• Reyna DE, Gavathiotis E. Liposomal parmeabilization assay to study functional interactions of BCL-2 family proteins. Methods Mol. Biol. 2018, 1877: 111-119.
• Garner TP, Gavathiotis E. BCL-2 Protein Family Interaction Analysis by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Methods Mol. Biol. 2018, 1877: 217-231.
• Giricz O, Mo Y, Dahlman KB, Cotto-Rios XM, Vardabasso C, Nguyen H, Matusow B, Rocha GA, Franco F, Krezel A, Rumsey JM, Alberti JM, Knight WC, Biris N, Zacharioudakis E, Janetka JW, Baloh BH, Kitsis RN, Mochly-Rosen D, Townsend RR, Gavathiotis E, Dorn GW. Mfn2 agonists reverse mitochondrial defects in preclinical models of Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 2A. Science 2018, 360: 336-341.
• Bogos A and Gavathiotis E. Current insights of BRAF inhibitors in cancer. J. Med. Chem. 2018, 61:5775-5793
• Reyna DE and Gavathiotis E. Pulling the BAX trigger for tumor cell death . Oncotarget 2018, 9: 8204-8205
• Reyna DE, Garner TP, Lopez A, Kopp F, Choudhary GS, Sridharan A, Narayanagari SR, Mitchell K, Dong B, Bartholdy BA, Walensky LD, Verma A, Steidl U, Gavathiotis E. Direct Activation of BAX by BTSA1 Ovecomes Apoptosis Resistance in Acute Meyloid Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2017, 32: 490–505
• Karoulia Z. Gavathiotis E. Poulikakos PI. New perspectives for targeting RAF kinase in human cancer. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2017, Oct 6.
• Garner TP, Lopez A, Reyna DE, Spitz AZ, Gavathiotis E. Progress in targeting the BCL-2 family of proteins. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2017, 39: 133-142
• Franco A, Kitsis RN, Fleischer JA, Gavathiotis E, Kornfeld OS, Gong G, Biris N, Benz A, Qvit N, Donnelly SK, Chen Y, Mennerick S, Hodgson L, Mochly-Rosen D, Dorn GW 2nd. Correcting mitochondrial fusion by minipulating mitofusin conformations. Nature 2016, 540: 74-79
• Reyna DE and Gavathiotis E. Self-regulation of BAX-induced cell death. Oncotarget 2016
• Karoulia Z, Wu Y, Ahmed AA, Xin Q, Bollard J, Krepler C, Wu X, Zhang C, Bollag G, Herlyn M, Fagin JA, Lujambio A, Gavathiotis E*, Poulikakos P*. An Integrated Model of RAF inhibitor Action Predicts Inhibitor Activity against Oncogenic BRAF Signaling. Cancer Cell 2016, 30: 1-14.
• Garner TP, Reyna DE, Priyadarshi A, Chen HC, Li S, Ganesan, YT, Malashkevich VN, Almo SS, Cheng EH, Gavathiotis E. An Autoinhibited Dimeric Form of BAX Regulates the BAX Activation Pathway. Mol. Cell 2016, 63: 485-497.
• Cotto-Rios XM, Gavathiotis E. Unraveling cell death mysteries. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2016 12: 470-471
• Uchime O, Dai Z, Biris N, Lee D, Sidhu SS, Li S, Lai JR, Gavathiotis E. Synthetic Antibodies Inhibit Bcl-2-associated X Protein (BAX) through Blockade of the N-terminal Activation Site. J. Biol. Chem. 2015, 291: 89-102.
• Chen HC, Kanai M, Inoue-Yamauchi A, Tu HC, Huang Y, Ren D, Kim H, Takeda S, Reyna DE, Chan PM, Ganesan YT, Liao CP, Gavathiotis E, Hsieh JJ, Cheng EH. An interconnected hierarchical model of cell death regulation by the BCL-2 family. Nat Cell Biol. 2015, 17: 1270-1281.
• Barclay LA, Wales TE, Garner TP, Wachter F, Lee S, Guerra R, Stewart ML, Braun CR, Bird GH, Gavathiotis E, Engen JR, Walensky LD. Inhibition of Pro-apoptotic BAX by a noncanonical interaction mechanism. Mol. Cell 2015, 57: 1-14.
• Li R, Cheng C, Balasis ME, Liu Y, Garner TP, Daniel KG, Li J, Qin Y, Gavathiotis E*, Sebti SM*. Design, synthesis and evaluation of Marinopyrrole derivatives as selective inhibitors of Mcl-1 binding to pro-apoptotic Bim and dual Mcl-1/Bcl-xL inhibitors.Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2015, 90: 315-331
• Gavathiotis E. Structural Perspectives on BCL-2 Family of Proteins. Cell Death - Mechanism and Disease. 2013 229-251.
• Anguiano J. Garner T, Mahalingam M, Das BS*, Gavathiotis E* and Cuervo AM*. Chemical modulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy by novel retinoic acid derivatives. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2013, 374-382.
• Gavathiotis E*, Reyna DE, Bellairs JA, Leshchiner ES, Walensky LD*. Direct and selective small-molecule activation of proapoptotic BAX. Nature Chem. Bio. 2012, 8:639-645.
• Walensky LD*. and Gavathiotis E*. BAX Unleashed: The Biochemical Transformation of an Inactive Cytosolic Monomer into a Toxic Mitochondrial Pore. Trends Biochem. Sci. 2011, 36:642:652
• Gavathiotis E. and Walensky LD. Tracking BAX once the Trigger is Pulled. Cell Cycle 2011, 10:868-870.
• Gavathiotis E, Reyna DR, Davis ML, Bird GH, Walensky LD. BH3-Triggered Structural Re-organization Drives the Activation of Pro-apoptotic BAX Mol. Cell 2010, 40:481-492.
• Gavathiotis E, Suzuki M, Davis ML, Pitter K, Bird GH, Katz SG, Tu HC, Kim H, Cheng EH, Tjandra N, Walensky LD. BAX Activation is Initiated at a Novel Interaction Site. Nature 2008, 455:1076-1081.