¿Sabía que...? Number of people with diabetes worldwide and per region, 2024–2050 (20–79 years). International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2025. Available at: https://diabetesatlas.org Type 5 Diabetes The International Diabetes Federation officially classified type 5 diabetes as a distinct form of diabetes, based largely on the research and advocacy of Meredith Hawkins, M.D., M.S., the Harold and Muriel Block Chair in Medicine and founding director of the Global Diabetes Institute at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. A new Type 5 Diabetes Working Group was formed and tasked with a mandate to facilitate global collaborations to advance more research and develop diagnostic and management guidelines for type 5 diabetes. Read the full Q&A with Dr. Hawkins to learn more about this milestone, what we know about the illness, and what’s next. VIDEO: Expert Sessions on Type 5 Diabetes from the Vellore Endocrinology International Congress 2025 VIDEO: Dr. Meredith Hawkins Discusses the Physiology of Atypical Lean Diabetes Global Diabetes Statistics In 2022, 828 million adults were estimated to have diabetes, compared to 630 million in 1990. The number of adults with diabetes increased significantly in low-income and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East and north Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean (1). Worldwide, 20-25 million individuals are estimated to have type 5 diabetes. In 2021, 1.6 million patients died as a direct result of their diabetes, and 47% of the deaths attributed to diabetes occurred in individuals before the age of 70 years (2). The countries with the highest number of people with diabetes are China (140.9 million), India (74.2 million), Pakistan (33 million), the United States (32.2 million), and Indonesia (19.5 million) (3). In 2024, globally, 9.15 million individuals were estimated to be living with diagnosed type 1 diabetes; of these, 22.3% (2.04 million) were living in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (4). People with type 2 diabetes have a 54% higher risk of stroke, a 73% higher risk of myocardial infarction, and an 84% higher risk of heart failure (5). The total health expenditure due to diabetes in 2024 is estimated to be $1.015 trillion (6). Reference Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants. Zhou, Bin et al. The Lancet, Volume 404, Issue 10467, 2077 – 2093 World Health Organization. (2024, November 14). Diabetes. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes Magliano DJ, Boyko EJ; IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition Scientific Committee. IDF DIABETES ATLAS [Internet]. 10th edition. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2021. Table 3.4, Top 10 countries or territories for number of adults (20–79 years) with diabetes in 2021 and 2045. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK581940/table/ch3.t4/ International Diabetes Federation. (2025). IDF Diabetes Atlas (11th ed., p. 68). International Diabetes Federation. https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/ International Diabetes Federation. (2025). IDF Diabetes Atlas (11th ed., p. 90). International Diabetes Federation. https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/ International Diabetes Federation. (2025). IDF Diabetes Atlas (11th ed., p. 43). International Diabetes Federation. https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/ Publicaciones Undernutrition-Associated Diabetes Mellitus: Pathophysiology of a Global Problem Is gestational diabetes mellitus in lean women a distinct entity warranting a modified management approach? – 2024 Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study - 2024 Global inequity in diabetes - 2023 Polygenic scores of diabetes-related traits in subgroups of type 2 diabetes in India: a cohort study - 2023 An Atypical Form Of Diabetes Among Individuals With Low BMI – 2022 Understanding the pathogenesis of lean non-autoimmune diabetes in an African population with newly diagnosed diabetes – 2022 Body mass index and diabetes risk in fifty-seven low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level data – 2021 Poor In Utero Growth, and Reduced β-Cell Compensation and High Fasting Glucose From Childhood, Are Harbingers of Glucose Intolerance in Young Indians - 2021 Diabetes prevalence and its relationship with education, wealth, and BMI in 29 low- And middle-income countries. - 2020 Prevalence and clinical characteristics of individuals with newly detected lean diabetes in Tamil Nadu, South India – A community-based cross-sectional study – 2019 Disease progression and treatment response in data-driven subgroups of type 2 diabetes compared with models based on simple clinical features: an analysis using clinical trial data - 2019 Atypical forms of diabetes mellitus in Africans and other non-European ethnic populations in low-middle income countries: a systematic literature review - 2019 The Elevated Susceptibility to Diabetes in India: An Evolutionary Perspective – 2016 Lean diabetes mellitus: An emerging entity in the era of obesity - 2015 Diabetes in rural individuals of different nutritional status and the alarming situation demands focus more on its under-nutrition association. – 2015
