Latent Tuberculosis
James C.M. Brust
<p>Dr. Brust is a Professor of Medicine, with joint appointments in the Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases. He graduated from the College of Physicians & Surgeons at Columbia University and completed both a residency in Internal Medicine and a fellowship in Infectious Diseases at the Columbia University Medical Center. </p>
<p>Dr. Brust's research is focused on the dual epidemics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and HIV in South Africa. With multiple US and international collaborators, his multidisciplinary research group is studying treatment outcomes of MDR TB/HIV co-infected patients, transmission patterns of drug-resistant TB, pharmacology of new and repurposed TB medications, and genetic mechanisms of drug-resistance. He has funding from NIAID to examinine the emergence of resistance to the new TB medication bedaquiline in patients with MDR and XDR TB. </p>
<p><strong><strong>Selected Publications</strong></strong></p>
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<p><strong><strong>Brust JCM</strong></strong>, Gandhi NR, Carrara H, Osburn G and Padayatchi N. <em>High Treatment Failure and Default Rates for Patients with MDR TB in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 2000-2003. </em>Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010;14(4):413-9</p>
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<p><strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Shah NS, Scott M, Chaiyachati K, Lygizos M, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Radebe Z, Loveday M, Moll AP, Margot B, Lalloo UG, Friedland GH, Gandhi NR. <em>Integrated, home-based treatment for MDR-TB and HIV in rural South Africa: an alternate model of care</em>. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:998-1004.</p>
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<p><strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Shah NS, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Ning Y, Heo M, Moll AP, Loveday M, Lalloo UG, Friedland GH, Gandhi NR. <em>Adverse events in an integrated, home-based treatment program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</em> J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013; 62:436-440.</p>
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<p><strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Berman AR, Zalta B, Haramati LB, Ning Y, Heo H, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Shah NS, Gandhi NR.<em>Chest radiograph findings and time to culture conversion in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in Tugela Ferry, South Africa<strong>.</strong></em>PLoS One 2013; 8(9): e73975. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073975</p>
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<p>Gandhi NR, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Moodley P, Weissman D, Heo M, Ning Y, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Sturm W, Shah NS. <em>Low M. tuberculosis strain diversity among multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis isolates from Tugela Ferry, South Africa, 2005-2006</em>. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20(3):394-401.</p>
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<p>Loveday M, Wallengren K, <strong>Brust J</strong>, Roberts J, Voce A, Margot B, Ngozo J, Master I, Cassell G, Padayatchi N. <em>Community-based care vs. centralised hospitalisation for MDR-TB patients, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</em> Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Feb;19(2):163-71.</p>
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<p>Niehaus AJ, Gandhi NR, Mathema B, Mlisana K, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>. High prevalence of inhA promoter mutations among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS One 2015; 10(9):e0135003. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135003</p>
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<p>Shah NS, Auld S, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Mathema B, Ismail N, Moodley P, Mlisana K, Allana S, Campbell A, Mthiyane T, Morris N, Mpangase P, Vally Omar S, Brown T, Narenchania A, Shaskina E, Kapwata T, Kreiswirth B, Gandhi NR. <em>Transmission of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa</em>. N Engl J Med 2017; 376(3):243-253</p>
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<p><strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Shah NS, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Allana S, Campbell A, Johnson BA, Master I, Mthiyane T, Lachman S, Larkan L-M, Ning Y, Malik A, Smith JP, Gandhi NR. <em>Improved survival and cure rates with concurrent treatment for MDR-TB/HIV co-infection in South Africa.</em> Clin Infect Dis. 2018; 66(8):1246-1253.</p>
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<p>Wasserman S, Denti P, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Abdelwahab M, Hlungulu S, Wiesner L, Norman J, Sirgel FA, Warren RM, Esmail A, Dheda K, Gandhi NR, Meintjes G, Maartens G. <em>Linezolid pharmacokinetics in South African patients with drug resistant tuberculosis and a high prevalence of HIV co-infection.</em> Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 63(3):e02164-18</p>
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<p>Meintjes G, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>, Nutall J, Maartens G. <em>Management of active tuberculosis in adults with HIV</em>. Lancet HIV 2019; 6: e463–74</p>
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<p>Smith JP, Gandhi NR, Shah NS, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Johnson BA, Allana S, Campbell A, Nelson KN, Master I, <strong>Brust JCM</strong>. <em>The impact of concurrent antiretroviral therapy and MDR-TB treatment on adverse events</em>. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 83(1):47-55</p>
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<p>Ngwalero P*, <strong>Brust JCM*</strong>, van Beek SW, Wasserman S, Maartens G, Meintjes G, Joubert A, Norman J, Castel S, Gandhi NR, Denti P, McIlleron H, Svensson EM, Wiesner L. Relationship between plasma and intracellular concentrations of bedaquiline and its M2 metabolite in South African patients with rifampin-resistant TB. Antmicrob Agents Chemother. 2021; 65(11):e0239920. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02399-20</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 40.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 6.0pt 40.5pt;"> </p>
<p><strong style="text-indent: -0.25in;">Brust JCM</strong><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">, Gandhi NR, Wasserman S, Maartens G, Omar SV, Ismail NA, Campbell A, Joseph L, Hahn A, Allana S, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Zhang C, Mlisana K, Viljoen CA, Zalta B, Ebrahim I, Franczek M, Master I, Ramangoaela L, Te Riele J, Meintjes G; PROBeX Study Team. </span><em style="text-indent: -0.25in;">Effectiveness and cardiac safety of bedaquiline-based therapy for drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study. </em><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">Clin Infect Dis. 2021; 73(11):2083-2092</span></p>
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Larry Jay Bernstein
<p>Larry J. Bernstein, MD, is Associate Program Director, Allergy and Clinical Immunology at the Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Einstein and Associate Clinical Professor, Pediatrics at our Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Bernstein’s clinical focus is in chronic urticaria, asthma, and primary and acquired immunodeficiencies.</p><p>After receiving his Bachelor of Arts from Yeshiva University in 1973, Dr. Bernstein came to Einstein for his medical education, earning his Doctor of Medicine in 1977. He completed his internship and residency in pediatrics at Bronx Municipal Hospital Center in 1981, taking on the role of Chief Resident in his final year. In 1983, Dr. Bernstein completed a two-year fellowship in allergy and immunology at Einstein.</p><p>Dr. Bernstein’s research focus is in clinical service grants for HIV care. He has shared his work through peer-reviewed journals, abstracts, poster presentations and book chapters.</p><p>Dr. Bernstein is a Diplomate of the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Allergy and Immunology. He is a Fellow of the American College of Allergy and Immunology and a member of the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology and the Clinical Immunology Society. In 1981, he received the Leo M. Davidoff Certificate of Distinction for excellence in medical student teaching.</p>
Imran M. Ahmed
<p>Dr. Imran M. Ahmed is an Associate Professor of Neurology at AECOM and the Program Director of the Sleep Medicine Training Fellowship. He received his M.D. at SUNY at Stony Brook: School of Medicine and then completed a Neurology residency as well as an Epilepsy and a Sleep Medicine Fellowship at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center. He is interested in parasomnias as well as seizures associated with sleep.</p>
<p>Subspecialties in: Sleep Medicine and Epilepsy/EEG</p>
Dr. Ahmed focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, including but not limited to parasomnias, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.
Dr. Ahmed’s research interests involve Innovations for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders.