Heyi Li
<p>Heyi Li, MD, is an attending physician and Assistant Professor, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Montefiore Einstein. Her clinical focus is on the management of acute and chronic disorders of the lung and breathing, such as chronic obstructive lung diseases, asthma, interstitial lung diseases, infectious lung diseases and lung nodules. She performs airway and chest procedures including bronchoscopies and thoracentesis, and also provides consultations on smoking cessation and respiratory rehabilitation.</p><p>After earning her Bachelor of Engineering degree at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China in 2011, she continued her education with the institution’s School of Medicine, earning her Doctor of Medicine in 2015. Dr Li’s postdoctoral training brought her to the United States, completing a three-year residency in internal medicine at John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County in 2019 and a pulmonary and critical care fellowship at Mayo Clinic at Rochester, Minnesota in 2022.</p><p>Dr. Li’s clinical research focuses on care delivery research and implementation science. Her goal is to develop a mature line of inquiry in implementation science, focused on both conceptual frameworks and pragmatic implementation strategies. She has shared her work through peer-reviewed journals and has presented it at regional and national conferences. Dr. Li has also been a periodic reviewer for <em>Critical Care Medicine</em> and the <em>American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine</em>.</p><p>Dr. Li is board certified in Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Medicine by the American Board of Internal Medicine. She is a member of the American College of Chest Physicians, the American Thoracic Society and the Society of Critical Care Medicine.</p>
Sarah Sungurlu
Kate R. Steinberg
Simon D. Spivack
<p> </p>
<p>Focusing diagnostics and therapeutics on those most likely to benefit is a key to successful intervention at both the public health and clinical levels. The translational goal of the Spivack laboratory is to identify individuals at particularly high risk for lung malignancy, and selected non-malignant lung diseases, upon whom to focus smoking/toxin exposure cessation (primary prevention), chemoprevention (secondary prevention), and early disease detection efforts (disease screening, tertiary prevention).</p>
<p>The laboratory is currently exploring individual Gene x Environment signatures as susceptibility markers by exploring quantitative gene (mRNA) expression phenotypes, and the DNA sequence, methylation, microRNA, and other epigenetic features potentially underlying these expression phenotypes, <em>in vitro</em> and in human populations. This is performed in the setting of defined tobacco, diet, and other exposures. There are both mechanistic and translational components to the studies. </p>
<p><br /><strong>Mechanistically</strong>, the role of epigenetic variation in promoter regions in the 5' and 3' regulatory regions of carcinogenesis and oxidant pathway genes is being explored <em>in vitro</em>, using human genomic DNA reporter constructs, and native gene regulation models. High resolution technologies include the realtime quantitation of native mRNA and microRNA by the laboratory's RNA-specific strategy (<em>patented</em>); the tagged-bisulfite genomic sequencing strategy to determine single base resolution CpG methylation status (tBGS, <em>patented</em>); an experimental strategy for assaying microRNA binding to mRNA, for determining the role of miRNA in candidate gene regulation (<em>patented</em>); and evaluation of functional consequences of DNA methylation detail, using a novel patch reporter construct (<em>patented</em>). A new method to engineer methyl-cytosines into the epigenome has recently been developed.</p>
<p>Whole (epi)genome approaches to identify molecular events unique to lung cancer are being completed, which will represent one of the initial cross-platform 'omics level discovery examinations of lung tissues. The execution of each individual discovery platform involves expert local collaborators and cores in (epi)genetics and genomics, and the "integromics" is critically reliant on Einstein strengths in informatics and biostatistical analyses.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Translationally</strong>, human lung carcinogenesis biomarkers are being established by pairing laser capture microdissected lung with several unique, non-invasively collected surrogate specimens developed in the laboratory. These include mRNA expression signatures from brush-exfoliated buccal mucosa cells, microRNAs detected in exhaled breath condensate representing first reports for a new exhaled airway biomarker class, and exhaled metabolomic signatures. These airway-derived specimens continue to accrue from a sampling (currently n>1000) of a population assembled in a lung cancer case-control context. The specimens are being studied with a view toward developing non-invasive assays in populations.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The overall aim is to develop informative non-invasive risk profiling, preventive, and early disease detection strategies for the lung in human populations.</p>
<p> </p>
<p> <em>Work is funded by ongoing NIH,</em><em> DoD, and Foundation support.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Clinical Specialties</strong></p>
<ul style="font-size: 1em; color: #333333; padding: 0px; margin: 20px 0px 25px 38px;">
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">lung nodule evaluation</li>
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">lung cancer diagnostics and screening</li>
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">interstitial lung disease</li>
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">environmental lung disease</li>
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">refractory asthma</li>
<li style="padding: 0px; margin: 12px 0px 5px 0px;">general pulmonary medicine</li>
</ul>
Genome-wide surveys of lung epithelia. Translational lung studies. Mechanistic studies in functional epigenetics.
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.6pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A researcher and clinician, Dr. Spivack is developing tests for detecting lung cancer at the earliest possible stage—before it becomes fatal by spreading to other parts of the body. In one of several NIH-funded studies, his laboratory is working on a noninvasive, early-diagnosis test for lung cancer that detects particular genetic elements and chemicals in exhaled breath.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.6pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">In addition to general pulmonary medicine, Dr. Spivack’s clinical practice focuses on lung nodule and lung cancer diagnosis, diffuse interstitial lung diseases, and environmental lung diseases.</span></p>
Dr. Spivack specializes in consultative pulmonary medicine, with an emphasis on the evaluation of lung nodules, lung cancer screening, asthma, and environmental and interstitial lung disease.<span style="color:#4d4d4d;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, source-code-pro, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace;font-size:16px;background-color:#ffffff;"><strong></strong></span>
Dr. Spivack’s research focuses on the development of non-invasive early detection airway biomarkers of lung cancer risk, as well as epigenetics, gene regulation, gene-environment interaction and non-invasive measurement of deep lung phenomena in humans.
<p> </p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Selected Publications, as of April, 2023</span>:</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">Shi M, Han W, Loudig O, Shah C, Dobkin J, Keller S, Sadoughi A, Patel D, Desai A, Gombar S, Suh Y, Fernandez MK, DeLaRosa L, Wang T, Hosgood D, Pradhan K, Ye K, </span><strong style="text-indent: -0.25in;">Spivack SD.</strong><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"> </span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">(2023) Initial development and testing of an exhaled microRNA detection strategy for lung cancer case-control discrimination</span><em style="text-indent: -0.25in;">. [accepted, Scientific Reports, NPG]</em></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 1.7pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 1.7pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="color: #212121; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Huang Z, Sun S, Lee M, Maslov AY, Shi M, Waldman S, Marsh A, Siddiqui T, Dong X, Peter Y, Sadoughi A, Shah C, Ye K, *<strong>Spivack SD</strong>, *Vijg J. Single-cell analysis of somatic mutations in human bronchial epithelial cells in relation to aging and smoking. Nat Genet. 2022 Apr;54(4):492-498. doi: 10.1038/s41588-022-01035-w. Epub 2022 Apr 11. PMID: 35410377. (*co-senior authors).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 1.7pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN">Cleven KL, Ye K, Zeig-Owens R, Hena KM, Montagna C, Shan J, Hosgood HD 3rd, Jaber N, Weiden MD, Colbeth HL, Goldfarb DG, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>++, Prezant DJ++ (++co-senior authors). </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31126090"><span lang="EN" style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">Genetic Variants Associated with FDNY WTC-Related Sarcoidosis.</span></a><span lang="EN"> Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 May 23;16(10). pii: E1830. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101830. PMID:31126090</span>.</p>
<p>Dong X, ShiN, LeeM, ToroR, Gravina S, Han W, Yasuda S, Wang T, Zhang Z, Vijg J, Suh Y, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> (2018) Global, integrated analysis of methylomes and transcriptomes from laser capture microdissected bronchial and alveolar cells in human lung. <em>Epigenetics </em>10.1080/15592294.2018.1441650, 2018.</p>
<p>Mullapudi N, Ye B, Suzuki M, Wang T, Fazarri M, Han W, Shi M, Marquardt G, Lin J, Wang T, Keller S, Zhu C, Locker J, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> Genome-wide methylome alterations in lung cancer <em> PLoS ONE, </em>Dec. 2015.</p>
<p>Lin J, Marquardt G, Mullapudi N, Wang, T, Han W, Shi W, Zhu C, Keller S, Zhu C, Locker J, <strong>Spivack SD. </strong>Lung cancer transcriptomes refined with laser capture microdissection.<em> Am J Pathology </em>06.028. 2014 .</p>
<p>Han W, Shi M, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Site-specific methylated reporter constructs for functional analysis of DNA methylation.<em> Epigenetics </em>4; 8(11), 2013.</p>
<p>Shi M, Han W, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. A quantitative method to identify miRNAs targeting an mRNA using a 3'UTR RNA affinity technique.<em> Analytic Biochem</em> 1;443(1):1-12, 2013<em>.</em></p>
<p>Alberg AJ, Brock MV, Ford JG, Samet JM, <strong>Spivack, SD.</strong> Epidemiology of lung cancer. In Evidence-based Practice Guidelines. Diagnosis and Management of Lung Cancer (ACCP position statement). <em>CHEST</em>. May 2013;143(5 Suppl):e1S-e29S. doi: 10.1378/chest.12-2345. PMID: 23649439.</p>
<p>Tan XT, Marquardt G, Shi M, Han W, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> High throughput library screening identifies phytochemical inducers of phase II mutagen/oxidant metabolism enzymes GSTP1 and NQO1 in human lung cells.<em> Am J Resp Cell Molec Biol, </em>46(3): 365-71, 2012.</p>
<p>Brock GJ, Moschos S, <strong>Sp</strong><strong>ivack SD,</strong> Hurteau GJ. The 3' prime paradigm of the miR-200 family and other microRNAs. <em>Epigenetics</em> (6:3, 1-5), 2011.</p>
<p>Tan XT, Shi M, Minna JD, Han W, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> Candidate phytopreventive agent modulation of phase II metabolism enzymes <em>GSTP1</em> and <em>NQO1</em> in human bronchial cells<em>. J Nutrition, </em>140(8): 1404-10, 2010<em>.</em></p>
<p>Tan, XT, Wang T, Xiong S, Kumar SV,<strong> </strong> Han W, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> Smoking-related gene expression in laser capture microdissected human lung. <em>Clin Cancer Res,</em> 15(24): 7562-70, 2009.</p>
<p>Han W, Tang T, Reilly AA, Keller S, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Gene promoter methylation analyses from exhaled breath, with differences in smokers and lung cancer cases. <em>Resp Res,</em> 10:86 epubl, 2009.</p>
<p>Tan X-L, Moslehi R, Han W, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase P1 gene promoter and susceptibility to lung cancer. <em>Cancer Detection Prev,</em>32:403-415, 2009<em>.</em></p>
<p>Tan X-L, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Dietary chemoprevention strategies for induction of phase II metabolism: a review. <em>Lung Cancer,</em>65(2):129-37, 2009.</p>
<p>Hurteau GJ, Carlson AJ, <strong>Spivack, SD,</strong> Brock GJ. Restoration of E-Cadherin expression by over-expression of the microRNA <em>hsa-miR-200c</em> via reduced expression of the transcription factor TCF8. <em>Cancer Res.</em> 67:7972-76, 2007.</p>
<p>Hurteau, GJ, <strong>Spivack</strong> <strong>SD</strong>, Brock G. Parallel identification of miRNA and target mRNA by combined informatics and qRT-PCR approaches: application to <em>has-miR-200c.</em> <em>Cell Cycle</em> 5(17):1951-56, 2006.</p>
<p>Han W, Cauchi S, Herman JG, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Methylation mapping of DNA by tag-modified bisulfite genomic DNA sequencing. <em>Analytic Biochem. 355: 50-61,</em> 2006.</p>
<p>Cauchi S, Han W, Kumar SV, <strong>Spivack SD</strong>. Haplotype-environment interactions regulating the human <em>GSTP1</em> promoter <em>Cancer Res</em>. 66(12): 6439-6448, 2006.</p>
<p>Kumar SV, Hurteau GJ, <strong>Spivack SD.</strong> Validity of mRNA expression analyses of human saliva. <em>Clin. Cancer Res.</em> 12: 5033-39, 2006.</p>
<p><strong>Spivack SD</strong>, Hurteau GJ, Jain R, Kumar SV, Aldous KM, Gierthy JF, Kaminsky LS. Gene-environment interaction signatures by quantitative mRNA profiling in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells. <em>Cancer Res,</em> 64:6805-6813, 2004.</p>
<p><strong>Spivack SD</strong>, Hurteau GJ, Fasco MJ, Kaminsky LS. Phase I and II carcinogen metabolism gene expression in human lung tissue and tumors. <em>Clinical Cancer Research</em>, 9:6002-6011, 2003.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Simon D. Spivack, MD, MPH, is Professor, Medicine, Epidemiology and Genetics at Montefiore Einstein. He is also former Emeritus Chief, Pulmonary Medicine. Clinically, Dr. Spivack specializes in consultative pulmonary medicine, with an emphasis on the evaluation of lung nodules, lung cancer screening, asthma, and environmental and interstitial lung disease. </p><p>After obtaining his Bachelor of Science in Psychobiology from McGill University in Montreal, Canada in 1980, Dr. Spivack earned his Doctor of Medicine from the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in 1985. He then completed an internship and residency in internal medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in 1988. Dr. Spivack then earned his Master of Public Health at Harvard University, School of Public Health in 1989. He completed a clinical pulmonary and critical care medicine and lung research fellowship at the University of Vermont in 1992. </p><p>Dr. Spivack’s research focuses on the development of non-invasive early detection airway biomarkers of lung cancer risk, as well as epigenetics, gene regulation, gene-environment interaction and non-invasive measurement of deep lung phenomena in humans. His work has been published in numerous peer-reviewed journals, articles, chapters and books, and he has given many national/international presentations, organized symposia and visiting professorships. Dr. Spivack is on the Editorial Board for Scientific Reports and is a reviewer for journals such as <em>PLoS Genetics</em>, <em>Genetics in Medicine</em>, <em>Nature Protocols</em>, <em>American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine</em>, <em>Carcinogenesis</em>, <em>Cancer Research</em> and others. He holds multiple United States patents. He has been continually funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for research for over 25 years.
</p><p>Dr. Spivack is board certified in internal medicine, pulmonary medicine and critical care medicine. He is a member of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and the American Lung Association (ALA). He is a frequent peer-reviewer on various NIH study sections. In the past, Dr. Spivack won the Excellence in Research Award from ALA and the NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Clinical Scientist Development Award.
</p>
Chirag D. Shah
Ali Sadoughi
<p>Dr. Ali Sadoughi is Director of Interventional Pulmonology and Bronchoscopy. His clinical expertise is in interventional pulmonology and thoracic oncology, an evolving sub-specialty of pulmonary and critical care medicine. This field focuses on patients with benign and malignant chest diseases.</p>
<p>Dr. Sadoughi performs advanced diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for patients with lung nodules/masses, intra-thoracic lymphadenopathy, pleural diseases, and severe asthma. These include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Sampling of pulmonary lesions; both peripherally and centrally located in the lung; using endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS, both radial and linear array probes) and navigational bronchoscopy</li>
<li>Therapeutic rigid and flexible bronchoscopy on patients with major airway disorders, including tumor de-bulking, airway dilatation and stent placement</li>
<li>Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures on patients with pleural disease and effusion</li>
<li>Therapeutic interventions such as pleurodesis, tunneled pleural catheter and chest tube placement</li>
<li>Bronchial thermoplasty for severe asthma </li>
<li>Endobronchial valve placement for persistent air leak from the lung</li>
</ul>
<p>His other experience is in ultrasonography and echocardiography and their applications in pulmonary and critical care medicine.</p>
<p>Dr. Sadoughi's research interests are in evolution and application of sophisticated and modern technologies for early and minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of different pulmonary diseases, from lung cancers, to airway disorders, pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, respiratory failure, and pleural diseases. The outcome of his research studies in pulmonary hypertension and interventional pulmonology has been published in high-ranking medical journals and presented in different national conferences.</p>
<h3>Clinical Specialties</h3>
<ul>
<li>Pulmonary Medicine
<ul>
<li>Interventional Pulmonology</li>
<li>Lung Cancer</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Critical Care</li>
</ul>
<h3>Board Certification</h3>
<ul>
<li>Pulmonary Disease</li>
<li>Critical Care Medicine</li>
<li>Internal Medicine</li>
</ul>
<h3>Education & Training</h3>
<ul>
<li>Medical School: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences</li>
<li>Residency: Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center</li>
<li>Fellowship: Hofstra-North Shore LIJ School of Medicine</li>
<li>Fellowship: Washington University in Saint Louis</li>
</ul>
<h3>Professional Memberships</h3>
<ul>
<li>American Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (AABIP), Member</li>
<li>American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), Member</li>
<li>American Thoracic Society (ATS), Member</li>
<li>International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), Member</li>
</ul>
Dr. Sadoughi specializes in interventional pulmonology, a subspecialty of pulmonary and critical care medicine that uses endoscopy and other minimally invasive tools to diagnose and treat patients with benign and malignant chest diseases.
<ol>
<li>Bronchomediastinal Fistula From Erosion of Surgical Pledgets Into the Airway, Sadoughi A, Meyers B, Chenna P, Chest. 2015;148:838A. doi:10.1378/chest.2261266</li>
<li>Obstruction of the Trachea with Necrotic Tissue from a Pleomorphic Lung Carcinoma, Sadoughi A, Hyman K, Patel D, Chest. 2014;146:768A. doi:10.1378/chest.1991851.</li>
<li>Diagnosis and Safe Ablation of Endobronchial Hamartoma with Interventional Bronchoscopy, Sadoughi A, Folch E, Majid A. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 189;2014:A4447.</li>
<li>Macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates hypoxia- induced pulmonary hypertension, Yinzhong Zhang, Arunabh Talwar, Donna Tsang, Annette Bruchfeld, Ali Sadoughi, Maowen Hu, Kennedy Omonuwa, Kai Fan Cheng, Yousef Al-Abed, and Edmund J. Miller, Molecular Medicine, Nov 2011, PMID: 22113497.</li>
<li>Impaired Heart Rate Recovery After Cardio Pulmonary Exercise Testing [CPET] In Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Arunabh Talwar MD, Ali Sadoughi MD, Purvesh Patel MD, Tara George, Donna Tsang, Nina Kohn MS; Chest. 2011;140(4_MeetingAbstracts):723A. doi:10.1378/chest.1119783</li>
<li>A 77-year-old woman with dyspnea and Reynaud phenomenon. Wang J, Sadoughi A, Dedopoulos S, Talwar A, Chest. 2011 Apr;139(4):958-6. PMID: 21467065</li>
<li>Intracranial Pressure Treatment Tailored to Transcranial Doppler-Derived Compliance and Perfusion. Kapinos G, Sadoughi A, Narayan R, oral presentation, November 2013 at the 15th International Conference on Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring, Singapore.</li>
<li>Management of Increased Intracranial Pressure. Sadoughi A, Rybinnik I, Cohen R. The Open Critical Care Medicine Journal, 2013, 6, (Suppl 1: M4) 56-65.</li>
<li>Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Sadoughi A, Roberts K, Preston I, Lai GP, Mcollister D, Farber HW, Hill NS, Chest. 2013 Apr 4. PMID: 23558791.</li>
<li>Inflammatory Mechanisms in Pulmonary Hypertension, A Sadoughi, Y Zhang, EJ Miller, A Talwar; <em>CML (Current Medical Literature) – Pulmonary Hypertension </em>2010;1(4):93–106.</li>
<li>Computed Tomography Angiogram of the Chest as a Valuable Predicting Tool for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, A Sadoughi, N Patel, J Wang, N Kohn, R Shah, A Talwar; Chest. 2010;138(4_MeetingAbstracts):357A. doi:10.1378/chest.10559</li>
<li>Arterial Concentration of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) increases with exercise in patients with pulmonary Hypertension (PH), A Sadoughi, EJ Miller, A Talwar, presented at FOCIS 2011, Washington, DC.</li>
<li>Utility of Pulmonary Artery Diameter in Computed Tomography of Chest as a screening tool for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, A Sadoughi, T Chandak, N Kohn, R Shah, A Talwar, Presented in ATS Meeting, May 2010.</li>
<li>Relationship of Pulmonary Arterial Oxygen Saturation with Right Atrial Pressure in Pulmonary Hypertension, T Chandak, A Sadoughi, N Kohn, A Talwar, Presented in ATS Meeting, May 2010.</li>
<li>A case of Portopulmonary Hypertension, Sadoughi A, Mukherji R, Mehra S, Talwar A, The Journal of Respiratory Diseases, September, 2008.</li>
<li>Arteriotomy Closure Device Application Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention May Prevent Bleeding Complication in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction, F. Ikeno, M. Ali Sadoughi, J. Lyons, F. Raissi, K. Pourdehmobed, V. Hashemi, S. Emami, H. Kaneda, A. C. Yeung, M. Rezaee, International J. of Cardiology, April 2007, 117(1), 131-132, PMID:16935367.</li>
<li>The Conversion in Application of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Following the Introduction of Drug Eluting Stents, F. Ikeno, F. Raissi, M. Ali Sadoughi, J.K. Lyons, K. Pourdehmobed, V. Hashemi, S. Emami, H. Kanada, A.C. Yeung, M. Rezaee, International Journal of Cardiology, November 2006, 113(2), 279-280, PMID: 16318883.</li>
<li>Drug-eluting stents alter referral patterns for revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, HMO Farouque, Fearon WF, Wu BM, Luna J, Shabari FR, Sadoughi MA, Lee DP, Yeung AC, Heart, Lung, Circulation 2005; 14 Suppl 1: S77, Australia</li>
<li>Changes in the Practice of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Following the Introduction of Drug Eluting Stents, Raissi F., Sadoughi M.A., Hashemi V., Pourdehmobed K., Farouque O., Lyons J., Emami S., Ikeno F., Kaneda H., Yeung A.C., Rezaee M., TCT (Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics) meeting 2004, Washington DC, Poster Presentation, 09 / 2004.</li>
</ol>
<p>Ali Sadoughi, MD, is Director, Interventional Pulmonology and Bronchoscopy and Associate Professor, Medicine at Montefiore Einstein. He specializes in interventional pulmonology, a subspecialty of pulmonary and critical care medicine that uses endoscopy and other minimally invasive tools to diagnose and treat patients with benign and malignant chest diseases.</p><p>After earning his Doctor of Medicine at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, Dr. Sadoughi completed an internal medicine residency at Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center. Following this, he completed a pulmonary and critical care fellowship at Hofstra-North Shore LIJ School of Medicine in 2014 and an interventional pulmonary fellowship at Washington University in 2015.</p><p>Dr. Sadoughi's research interests are in developing and applying advanced technologies for early and minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. These include lung cancers, airway disorders, pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, respiratory failure and pleural diseases. His work has been published in journals including <em>Chest</em> and the <em>Journal of Molecular Medicine</em>, and he has made presentations at national and international medical meetings. One of his recent research studies focuses on the development of brachytherapy seeds (DaRT) using alpha radiation for the treatment of lung cancer, sponsored by Alpha Tau Ltd. In another study, he works with an international group of pulmonologists on the role of confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) in the diagnosis of different benign and malignant lung diseases. His work related to increased precision and accuracy of biopsy of peripheral lung nodules by intraprocedural 3D scanning in combination with ultrathin bronchoscopy has been published in the <em>Journal of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology</em>. Another area of Dr. Sadoughi’s research involves the synergy of local therapies such as cryotherapy with immunotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer. He has presented this exciting topic at the American Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (AABIP) Conference in 2022.</p><p>Dr. Sadoughi is board certified in interventional pulmonology, pulmonary disease, critical care medicine and internal medicine. He is a member of professional societies such as the American Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology, the World Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology, the American College of Chest Physicians, the American Thoracic Society and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. He has contributed his research to the U.S. News, Politico New York and OncLive, and has been an editorial member and reviewer of multiple medical journals.</p>
Divya B. Reddy
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Education:</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Dr. Reddy earned her medical degree from Padmashree Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, India. She completed a master's degree in clinical epidemiology from Boston University School of Public Health prior to starting her Internal Medicine Residency training at Boston University Medical Center. Her post-graduate training also included a Fellowship in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine from Boston University Medical Center with a particular focus on pulmonary infections and associated lung destruction. </span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Research Interests:</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Dr. Reddy has been involved in several patient-oriented research projects in pulmonary infections. As an investigator in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT) cohort in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu, India her work focused on the impact of smoking and biomass fuel use on TB Disease and its treatment outcomes. She is currently developing a database of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections seen at Montefiore Medical Center in collaboration with the Division of Infectious Diseases. The goal of this project is to better characterize the natural history and clinical outcomes of these infections. She is also involved in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) as the Bronx site pulmonologist and co-investigator to assess the impact of HIV on the development of chronic lung diseases.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Clinical Interests:</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; background-color: #fefefe;">1. Bronchiectasis </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; background-color: #fefefe;">2. Tuberculosis</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in -67.5pt 0.0001pt 0in; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; background-color: #fefefe;">3. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) Infections </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; background-color: #fefefe;">4. Obstructive lung diseases </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; background-color: #fefefe;">5. COVID-19</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"> </p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Board Certification:</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: #fefefe;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">Dr. Reddy is board-certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and is a<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0in;">member of numerous professional societies, including the American Thoracic Society and the Society of Critical Care Medicine.</span></span></p>
Bronchiectasis, Nontuberculous Mycobacterial infections, COPD, Asthma, Interstitial Lung Disease<quillbot-extension-portal></quillbot-extension-portal><quillbot-extension-portal></quillbot-extension-portal>
Bronchiectasis, Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.<quillbot-extension-portal></quillbot-extension-portal>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria; text-align: justify; text-indent: 4.5pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Original Publications:</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria; text-align: justify; text-indent: 4.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1. <strong>Reddy D</strong>, Little F; Glucocorticoid-Resistant Asthma: More than meets the eye; <em>J Asthma</em> December 2013, Vol. 50, No. 10, Pages 1036-1044, PMID 23923995</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2. <strong>Reddy D</strong>, O’Donnell MR, Welter-Frost AM, Coe A, Horsburgh CR. Discordance between Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon Gamma Release Assay is Associated with Previous Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment. <em>Mycobact Dis</em> 2016, 6:227. doi: 10.4172/2161-1068.1000227.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3. <strong>Divya Reddy</strong>, Jacob Walker, Gary Brandeis MD, Matt Russell MD, C Robert Horsburgh Jr, Natasha Hochberg; Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening Practices in Long-Term Care Facilities<em>; J Am Geriatr Soc</em>, 2017, 65: 1145–1151. doi:10.1111/jgs.14696, PMID 28467605</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4. </span><strong style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Divya Reddy</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">, Yicheng Ma, Subitha Lakshminarayanan, Swaroop Sahu, Laura F. White, Ayiraveetil Reshma, Gautam Roy, Padmini Salgame, Selby Knudsen, Jerrold J. Ellner, C. Robert Horsburgh, Jr., Sonali Sarkar, Natasha S. Hochberg, Severe Undernutrition in Children Affects Tuberculin Skin Test Performance in Southern India. <em>PLoS ONE 16(7): e0250304. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0250304, </em></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri;">PMID 34270546</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 40.5pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria; text-indent: 4.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 40.5pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria; text-indent: -0.5in;"><strong><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Book Chapters:</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 40.5pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria; text-indent: 4.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1. O’Donnell M, <strong>Reddy D</strong>, Saukkonen J; Antimycobacterial agents; 19<sup>th</sup> Edition of <em>Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine</em>, McGraw-Hill Professional, 2015. Volume 2. Chapter 205e, p. 1132-41</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2. <strong>Reddy D</strong>, O’Donnell M; Antimycobacterial agents; 20<sup>th</sup> Edition of <em>Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, </em>McGraw-Hill Professional, 2018. Volume 1. Chapter 176, p. 1270-79</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3. <strong>Reddy D</strong>, Saukkonen J; Hepatoxicity associated with anti-tuberculosis treatment;<strong> </strong>3<sup>rd</sup> Edition of <em>Textbook of</em> <em>Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases,</em> Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2019. Chapter 45, p. 637-643</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in -0.25in 0.0001pt 27pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4. <strong>Divya Reddy</strong>, Jerrold Ellner; Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis; 6<sup>th </sup>Edition of <em>Clinical Tuberculosis</em>, CRC Press, 2020. Chapter 4, p. 51-76</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: medium; font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p>
<p>Divya Reddy, MD, MPH, is Program Director, Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship and Associate Professor, Medicine at Montefiore Einstein. Her clinical focus centers on bronchiectasis, nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and interstitial lung disease.</p><p>After earning her Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College in Mumbai, India in 2006, Dr. Reddy moved to the United States to continue her medical training, earning her Master of Public Health at Boston University in 2008. She remained there to complete her internal medicine internship in 2009, followed by her internal medicine residency in 2011. Dr. Reddy then completed a pulmonary and critical care fellowship at Boston University in 2014.</p><p>Building on her clinical experience, Dr. Reddy’s research is focused on bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. She has been principal investigator and co-investigator on several funded research projects, and her work has been published in numerous peer-reviewed journals, book chapters, review articles and abstracts. She has also given national and international invited presentations, and is a reviewer for scientific journals including the <em>Journal of American Geriatric Society</em>, <em>Annals of American Thoracic Society</em> and the <em>Journal of Infectious & Non-Infectious Diseases</em>, among others.</p><p>Dr. Reddy is board certified in Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine by the American Board of Internal Medicine. She is a member of the American Thoracic Society, the American College of Chest Physicians and the Association of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Program Directors. In 2014 and 2015, Dr. Reddy received the Potts Memorial Foundation Grant award.</p>
David J. Prezant
<p>Dr. David Prezant is the Chief Medical Officer at the Office of Medical Affairs for the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY). Dr. Prezant directs all medical protocol development for both day-to-day operations and homeland security issues. He is also Co-Director of the FDNY World Trade Center Medical Monitoring Program and the Senior Pulmonary Consultant for FDNY.</p>
<p>Dr. Prezant is a member of the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Personal Protective Equipment in the Workplace, the National Fire Protection Association's Health and Safety Committee, and the International Association of Firefighters Redmond Medical Advisory Board. He is a Professor of Medicine at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Director of Albert Einstein Medical School's Pulmonary Course for medical students and the Research Director for their Unified Pulmonary Division.</p>
<p>Dr. Prezant responded on 9/11/01 to the World Trade Center and was present during the collapse and its aftermath. Since that day, he and Dr. Kelly (FDNY's Chief Medical Officer at the Bureau of Health Services) have initiated a multi-million dollar medical monitoring and treatment program for FDNY firefighters funded by FDNY, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).</p>
<p>Dr. Prezant is the Principal Investigator for the FDNY Data Coordinating Center for the WTC Medical Monitoring Program and is on the Steering Committee for the WTC Medical Monitoring Program. He served as a member of the EPA WTC Technical Advisory Committee, the NYC Dept of Health WTC Registry Scientific Advisory Board, the NYS Governor's WTC panel and the NYC Mayor's medical advisory board.</p>
<p>Dr. Prezant has written extensively on pulmonary physiology, firefighter health and safety and since 9/11 on the health impact of World Trade Center Collapse on NYC Firefighters and EMS rescue workers. His group was the first to describe WTC Cough Syndrome (New England Journal of Medicine 2002) and has published extensively on this subject in the CDC MMWR, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chest and Environmental Health Perspectives.</p>
<p>His major research interest is in determining the mechanisms responsible for accelerated decline in longitudinal pulmonary function and/or airway hyperreactivity in firefighters after WTC exposure. Other interests are in determining the mechanisms responsible for the increased incidence of sarcoidosis in firefighters after WTC exposure.</p>
<p><strong>Clinical Specialty Areas</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>environmental and occupational lung disease</li>
<li>firefighters respiratory disease</li>
<li>disaster medicine</li>
<li>pulmonary embolism</li>
<li>general pulmonary medicine</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>More</strong></p>
<p><a href="/medicine/pulmonarymedicine/pulmonary_about.aspx?id=14538">Seven Years Later, a Cough and a Covenant</a> (September 10, 2008)</p>
<ol>
<li>World Trade Center site. N Eng J Med 2002;347:806-15.</li>
<li>Banauch GI, McLaughlin M, Hirschhorn R, Corrigan M, Kelly KJ, Prezant DJ. Injuries and Illnesses among New York City Fire Department rescue workers after responding to the World Trade Center Attacks. MMWR 2002;51:1-5.</li>
<li>Prezant DJ, Kelly KJ, Jackson B, Peterson D, Feldman D, Baron S, Mueller CA, Bernard B, Lushniak B, Smith L, BerryAnn R, Hoffman B. Use of respiratory protection among responders at the World Trade Center Site, New York City, September 2001. MMWR 2002;51:6-8.</li>
<li>Rom WN, Weiden M, Garcia R, Ting AY, Vathesatogkit P, Tse DB, McGuinness G, Roggli V, Prezant DJ. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia in a New York City firefighter exposed to world trade center dust. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2002;166:797-800.</li>
<li>Banauch GI, Alleyne D, Sanchez R, Olender K, Weiden M, Kelly KJ, and PREZANT DJ. Persistent bronchial hyperreactivity in New York City firefighters and rescue workers following collapse of World Trade Center. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2003; 168:54-62.</li>
<li>Edelman P, Osterloh J, Pirkle J, Grainger J, Jones R, Blount B, Calafat A, Turner W, Caudill S, Feldman DM, Baron S, Bernard BP, Lushniak BD, Kelly KJ, PREZANT DJ. Biomonitoring of chemical exposure among New York City firefighters responding to the World Trade Center fire and collapse. Environ Health Perspect, 2003; 111:1906-1911.</li>
<li>Feldman DM, Baron S, Mueller CA, Bernard BP, Lushniak BD, Kelly KJ, PREZANT DJ. Initial symptoms, respiratory function and respirator use in New York City firefighters responding to the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster. Chest 2004;125:1256-64.</li>
<li>World Trade Center dust. Environ Health Perspect, 2004; 112:1564-1569.</li>
<li>Banauch GI, Dhala A, Alleyne D, Alva R, Santhyadka G, Krasko A, Weiden M, Kelly KJ, Prezant DJ. Bronchial hyperreactivity and other inhalation lung injuries in rescue/recovery workers after the World Trade Center collapse. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:S102-S106.</li>
<li>World Trade Center site. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2005; 11:160-8.</li>
<li>Paul Greene, Dianne Kane, Grace Christ, Sallie Lynch and Malachy Corrigan. FDNY crisis counseling: innovative responses to 9/11 firefighters, families, and communities. Published 2005.A textbook in counseling at FDNY after WTC.</li>
<li>Bars MP, Banauch GI, Appel DW, Andreaci M, Mouren P, Kelly KJ, Prezant DJ. Tobacco Free with FDNY: The New York City Fire Department World Trade Center Tobacco Cessation Study. Chest 2006; 129:979-987.</li>
<li>World Trade Center exposure in the New York City Fire Department. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 174:312-319.</li>
<li>Friedman S, Cone J, Eros-Sarnyai M, Prezant D,m Szeinuk J, Clark N, Milek D, Levin S, Gillio R. Clinical guidelines for adults exposed to World Trade Center Disaster (Respiratory and Mental Health). City Health Info (CHI), NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. September 2006</li>
<li>Lioy PJ, Pellizzari E, and Prezant DJ. Understanding and learning from the WTC Aftermath and its affect on health through Human Exposure Science. Environ. Science Technology. November 15, 2006 ; 6876-6885.</li>
<li>Izbicki G, Chavko R, Banauch GI, Weiden M, Berger K, Kelly KJ, Aldrich TK and Prezant DJ. World Trade Center Sarcoid-like Granulomatous Pulmonary Disease in New York City Fire Department Rescue Workers. CHEST (In press)</li>
<li>Izbicki G, Chavko R, Banauch GI, Weiden M, Berger K, Kelly KJ, Hall C, Aldrich TK and Prezant DJ.  World Trade Center Sarcoid-like Granulomatous Pulmonary Disease in New York City Fire Department Rescue Workers.  Chest, 2007;131:1414-1423</li>
<li>Weiden M, Banauch G, Kelly KJ, and Prezant DJ. Environmental and Occupational Medicine. Firefighters Health and Health Effects of the World Trade Center Collapse. Pgs 477-490. 4th Edition, Edited by Rom WN and Markowitz S. Lippincott-Raven Inc. Philadelphia, 2007.</li>
<li>Alvarez J, Rosen C, Davis K, Smith G, Corrigan M. Stay Connected : psychological services for retired firefighters after 11 September 2001.  PreHospital Disaster Med. 2007 ;22 :49-54.</li>
<li>Menendez AM, Molloy J., Magaldi MC. Health responses of New York City firefighter spouses and their families post-September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.  Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2006; 27:905-17.</li>
<li>Kelly KJ, Niles J, McLaughlin MT, Carrol S, Corrigan M, Al-Othman F, and Prezant DJ.  World Trade Center health Impacts on FDNY Rescue Workers - a six year assessment, September 2001 to 2007.  Fire Department of the City of New York, October 2007. Available on-line at: <a href="http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/pdf/2007/wtc_health_impacts_on_fdny_rescue_w…; target="_blank">http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/pdf/2007/wtc_health_impacts_on_fdny_rescue_w…;
<li>Prezant DJ. WTC Cough Syndrome and its Treatment. Lung. 2008 ; 186 :94S-102S.</li>
<li>Banauch GI, Izbicki G, Chavko R, Christodoulou V, Weiden MD, Webber MP, Cohen HW, Gustave J, Aldrich TK, Kelly KJ, and Prezant DJ. Trial of Prophylactic Inhaled Steroids to Prevent or Reduce Pulmonary Function Decline, Pulmonary Symptoms and Airway Hyperreactivity in Firefighters at the World Trade Center Site. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 2008; 2:33-39.</li>
<li>Prezant DJ, Levin S, Kelly KJ, Aldrich TK.  Upper and Lower Respiratory Diseases after Occupational and Environmental Disasters.  Mt. Sinai Medical Journal (In Press).     </li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
Kenneth L. Pinsker
<p>Dr. Kenneth Pinsker is Professor Emeritus of Medicine at Einstein and an attending physician at Montefiore. He is the former Chief of the Pulmonary Service at the Moses Division and the former Director of the Pulmonary Intensive Care Unit. He is currently a preceptor in the Pulmonary Clinic and makes teaching rounds on the consultation service.</p>
<p><strong>Clinical Specialty Areas</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>pulmonary function</li>
<li>bronchoscopy</li>
<li>pleural disease</li>
<li>general pulmonary medicine</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Academic and Research Interests </strong></p>
<ul>
<li>lung transplantation</li>
<li>tuberculosis</li>
<li>respiratory failure</li>
<li>World-Trade-Center-related pulmonary disease</li>
<li>history of pulmonary medicine</li>
</ul>